MV-299.1 Form – If you’re planning to open or operate a driving school in New York State, or become a certified instructor, the MV-299.1 form is essential reading. This official document contains the full text of Section 394 of the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law (VTL §394), which governs licensing, operation, and compliance for all commercial driver training schools.
The MV-299.1 (revised 5/19) is the statutory foundation every New York driving school must follow. It works alongside the DMV’s Commissioner’s Regulations Part 76 (CR-76) and the application process. Here’s your complete, up-to-date 2026 guide—including exactly what the rules require, how to apply, and the direct free PDF download link.
What Is the MV-299.1 Form?
The MV-299.1 is not an application—it is the official printed text of Section 394, Drivers’ Schools, published by the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). It defines:
- Who needs a license to operate a drivers’ school
- Requirements for school location, instructors, and records
- Grounds for license denial, suspension, or revocation
- Penalties for operating without a license
Every applicant for a driving school license must read both MV-299.1 (Section 394) and Part 76 before submitting paperwork.
Direct download:
MV-299.1 PDF – Section 394 Rules for Driver Training Schools
Key Licensing Requirements Under Section 394 (MV-299.1)
No one may operate a drivers’ school without a license from the DMV Commissioner. Here are the core rules straight from the document:
- License Application & Fees
File an application with the prescribed information + $50 non-refundable fee. Once approved, pay an additional license fee ($5 per month, up to $50 total). Annual renewal is $50; two-year licenses cost $100. Display the license certificate at your place of business. - Place of Business Rules
In cities of 250,000+ population, the school must be in a store, office, or non-residential building section. In cities of 50,000+ population, the location (or any branch) cannot be within 1,500 feet of any DMV office that issues registrations or driver licenses. - Refusal, Suspension & Revocation
The Commissioner can deny, suspend, or revoke a license for false statements, felony convictions involving violence/dishonesty/moral turpitude, poor character, or failure to comply with the law. A civil penalty of up to $500 per violation applies. - Instructors
No one may teach for hire without a valid NYS driver’s license and a DMV-issued instructor certificate. Certificates cost $10 (non-refundable) and must be renewed annually ($10) or biennially ($20). Certificates are tied to specific schools and can be revoked for the same reasons as school licenses. - Unlicensed Operation Penalties
Operating without a license triggers a $1,000 civil penalty (reducible to $500 if you license within 10 days). Repeat or suspended operations cost $1,000 with no reduction.
Additional Operational Rules in Commissioner’s Regulations Part 76
Section 394 authorizes the DMV to create detailed rules. Part 76 (CR-76, last major update 9/16) fills in the practical requirements every school must follow:
- Vehicles: Must have dual controls (brakes), instructor rear-view mirror, seat belts, and a visible “STUDENT DRIVER” sign.
- Classroom & Instruction: Pre-licensing (5-hour) courses follow strict facility and instructor standards. Behind-the-wheel lessons must cover defensive driving, city/highway practice, and specific maneuvers.
- Records & Contracts: Keep detailed student records, receipts, and approved contracts for three years. Refunds follow exact formulas.
- Advertising: Strictly prohibited from guaranteeing licenses, using “STATE” misleadingly, or soliciting near DMV offices.
- Self-Certification Program: Qualifying schools (5+ years in business) can administer their own instructor tests and 30-hour basic courses.
How to Open a Driving School in New York (Step-by-Step)?
- Read MV-299.1 (Section 394) and Part 76 in full.
- Complete Application for Original Driving School License (MV-520) + Personal History Form.
- Submit with two separate checks: $50 application fee + $50 license fee (payable to “Commissioner of Motor Vehicles”).
- Mail to: NYS DMV, Driver Training Programs, 6 Empire State Plaza, Room 336, Albany, NY 12228.
- Provide proof of proper place of business, vehicles, and qualified instructors.
Approved schools receive a license valid for 1–2 years and must display it prominently.
Who Needs to Comply?
- Anyone starting a commercial driving school (car or motorcycle)
- Existing schools renewing or adding branches
- Driving school owners, managers, and instructors
- High schools or colleges offering DMV-approved pre-licensing courses
Related Official Resources (All Current as of 2026)
- Open a Driving School page: dmv.ny.gov/business/driver-training/open-a-driving-school
- Become a Driving School Instructor: dmv.ny.gov/business/driver-training/become-a-driving-school-instructor
- Part 76 Regulations PDF: dmv.ny.gov/forms/cr76.pdf
- Pre-Licensing Course rules: Part 7 (referenced in CR-76)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Is MV-299.1 the actual application form?
No—it’s the law. Use MV-520 for the application.
Q: How much does a New York driving school license cost?
$50 application + $50 license (initial). Renewals are $50/year or $100 for two years.
Q: Can I operate online or from home?
No. The physical place of business must meet strict location and non-residential rules.
Q: Are there extra rules for motorcycle schools?
Yes—special instructor certification and vehicle requirements apply.
Q: How long does approval take?
Processing times vary; submit complete paperwork to avoid delays.
Stay Compliant and Succeed
Operating a driving school in New York is a regulated business that helps thousands of new drivers every year. Following MV-299.1 (Section 394) and Part 76 protects your license, avoids hefty penalties, and builds trust with students.
Download the official MV-299.1 PDF now and start your application today:
https://dmv.ny.gov/forms/mv2991.pdf
For the latest forms and updates, always visit the official New York DMV Driver Training Programs section. Safe driving starts with properly trained instructors—make sure your school meets every requirement under Section 394.